骆驼梁实秋写的

时间：2023-08-11 18:17:49 文/张东东老师文学学文网www.xuewenya.com

骆驼梁实秋写的

　　引导语：梁实秋，中国现代著名作家。1949年从大陆到台湾，70年代移居美国西亚图，80岁时怀着深深的遗憾重返台湾。下文是他的《骆驼》资料，我们一起学习吧。

　　台北没有什么好去处。我以前常到动物园走动走动，其中两个地方对我有诱惑。一个是一家茶馆，有高屋建瓴之势，凭窗远盼，一片油绿的田畴，小川蜿蜒其间，颇可使人目旷神怡。另一值得看的使是那两只骆驼了。

　　有人喜欢看猴子，看那乖巧伶俐的动物，略具人形，而生活究竟简陋，于是令人不由地生出优越感，拘一把花生米掷过去。有人喜欢看狮子跳火圈，狗作算学，老虎翻跟头，觉得有趣。我之看得骆驼则是另外一种心情，骆驼扮演的是悲剧的角色。它的槛外是冷清清的，没有游人围绕，所谓槛也只是一根杉木横着拦在门口。地上是烂糟糟的泥。它卧在那，老远一看，真像是大块的毛姜。*近一看，真可吓人!一块块的毛都在脱落，斑驳的皮肤上隐隐地露着血迹。嘴张着，下巴垂着，有上气无下气地喘。水汪汪的两只大眼睛好像是眼泪扑簌的盼望着能见亲族一面似的。腰间的肋骨历历可数，颈子又细又长，尾巴像一条破扫帚。驼峰只剩下了干皮，像是一只麻袋搭在背上。骆驼为什么落到这种悲惨的地步呢?难道"沙漠之舟"的雄姿即不过如此么?

　　我心目中的骆驼不是这样的。儿时在家乡，一听见大铜铃丁丁当当响，就知道是送煤的骆驼队来了，愧无管宁的修养，往往夺门出视，一根细绳穿系着的好几只骆驼，有时是十只九只的，一顺的立在路边。满脸煤污的煤商一声吆喝，骆驼使乖乖地跪下让人卸货，嘴角往往流着白沫，口里不住的嚼--反刍。有时还跟着一只小骆驼，几乎用跑步在后面追着，面对着这样庞大而温驯的驮兽，我们不能不惊异地欣赏。

　　是亚热带的气候不适于骆驼居住。动物园的那两只骆驼不久就不见了，标本室也没有空间容纳它们，我从此也不大常去动物园了。我常想：公文书里罢黜一个人的时候常用"人地不宜"四字，总算是一个比较体面的下台的借口。这骆驼之黯然消逝，也许就类似"人地不宜"之故吧?生长在北方大地的巨兽，如何能局促在这样的小小圈子里，如何能耐得住这炎方的郁焦?它们当然要憔悴，要悒悒，要委顿以死。我想它们看着身上的毛一块块地脱落，真的要变成"有板无毛"的状态，蕉风椰雨，晨夕对泣，心里多么凄凉!真不知是什么人恶作剧，把它们运到此间，使得它们尝受这一段酸辛，使我们也兴起"人何以堪"的感叹!

　　其实，骆驼不仅是在炎热之地难以生存，就是在北方大陆，其命运也是在日趋于衰微。在运输事业机械化的时代，谁还肯牵着一串串的骆驼招摇过市?沙漠地带该是骆驼的用武之地了，但听说现在沙漠里也有现代化的交通工具。骆驼是驯兽，自己不复能在野外繁殖谋生。等到为人类服务的机会消失的时候，我不知道它将如何繁衍下去。最悲惨的是，大家都讥笑它是兽类中最愚蠢的一个;因为它只会消极地忍耐。给它背上驮上500磅的重载，它会跪下来承受。它肯食用大多数哺乳动物所拒绝食用的荆棘苦草，它肯饮用带有盐味的脏水。它奔

　　走三天三夜可以不喝水，这并不是它的肚子里储藏着水，而是因为它体内的脂肪氧化可以制造出来水。像这样的动物若是从地面上消逝，可能不至于引起多少人的惋惜。尤其是在如今这个世界，大家所喜欢豢养的乃是善伺人意的哈巴狗，像骆驼这样的"任重而遥远"的家伙，恐怕只好由它一声不响的从这个世界舞台上退下去罢!

　　【练习题】

　　1.为什么作者认为"那两只骆驼""值得看"?(4分)

　　答：______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

　　2.文未说"像骆驼这样的'任重而道远'的家伙，恐怕只好由它一声不响的从这个世界舞台上退下去罢"，对骆驼的遭遇，句中流露出怎样的情感?试简要说出其中的两种。(4分)

　　答：______________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________

　　3.作品借物抒怀。联系全文主旨，请概述出作者在文中三个划线句子中所寄寓的情怀。(6分)

　　答：______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

　　4.下列对这篇散文的赏析，正确的'两项是(4分)

　　A.第二段描写动物园中的骆驼，第三段描写儿时所见的骆驼，作品通过这一对比描写，突出了"不能不惊异"的感受。

　　B.作品对骆驼的遭遇作了大量的描写，这些描写都有很强的感情色彩。寓主观色彩于客观描写中，是本文的一大特色。

　　C.作品中的骆驼，可以看成是作者的自况。作者将情感倾注于"骆驼"这一形象，并通过对其遭遇的描述，抒写了自己的人生体验。

　　D.作品的感情富于变化：先是对动物园里骆驼遭遇的同情，继而是对家乡骆驼的温驯的惊异，最后是对北方大陆骆驼的命运的释然。

　　E.作品的文字平实，但在平实的字里行间，却流淌着一股源于作者对人生经历的深沉思考而产生的充满悲壮色彩的情感激流。

　　【参考答案】

　　1、(语句理解)(4分)

　　因为它们的遭遇与作者类似。4分。

　　因为它们的遭遇让作者联想到自己。4分。

　　因为它们引起作者无限感概。4分。

　　读梁实秋《骆驼》有感(400字)

　　第一次读《骆驼》是因为外婆的推荐。

　　外婆一直很喜欢梁实秋的散文，尤其是喜欢雅舍小品和雅舍杂文。看的时候外婆对我说，那一双骆驼，就是梁实秋。小的时候看文章总是似懂非懂，现在回头来看，才隐约咂出点滋味来了。梁实秋喜欢看骆驼是不奇怪的。晚年的梁实秋身在台湾可以说是“有家不得归”，在政治上又失意，就如他自己说的“人地不宜”，也许就是在他感伤的时候恰巧看到了这一双骆驼——它们也是远离故乡，在动物园亦受到冷遇，此情此景，叫梁实秋如何不生出同病相怜之感呢?

　　文章开头梁实秋便说在台北的动物园“那一双骆驼”是为数不多的对它有诱惑的地方之一，但是去看的时候情况却是“它的槛外是冷冷清清的，没有游人围绕”，而那一双骆驼也是被极差的生存环境和不宜的气候折磨得奄奄一息的。梁实秋为什么要执著的去看着一双无人问津的骆驼呢?唯一的解释就是，梁实秋在骆驼身上看到了自己。此外骆驼也轻易的激起了梁老的思想情结，对于中国传统的知识分子来说，落叶归根具有非常重要的意义。人越老便会约发思念自己的故乡，也更容易回想起故乡的人和事。而骆驼正是梁实秋儿时故乡最常见的交通工具。

　　在台北，骆驼就如同和梁实秋一起离乡的伙伴，睹物思人，思乡的情绪也就更加浓烈了。他形容骆驼憔悴的模样的时候写道“嘴张着，下巴垂着，有上气无下气的在喘。水汪汪的两只眼睛好像是眼泪扑簌的盼望着能见亲族一面似的”其实梁老是在写自己，写一个离乡背井老人的思乡情切啊! 经历了逃亡和政治上的失败，梁老觉得自己的前途是黯然的。梁老自比骆驼，而骆驼的前程也是黯然的。在结尾处他说：“尤其是在如今这个世界，大家所喜欢豢养的乃是善伺人意的哈巴狗，像骆驼这样的“任重道远”的家伙，恐怕只好由它一声不响的从这世界舞台上退下去罢!”当骆驼作为交通工具消失在历史舞台上的时候，梁老感觉自己也失去了最后的知音。事实上，《骆驼》正是梁实秋凄凉晚景的一个形象写照。

　　梁实秋-《骆驼》英译

　　The Camel

　　Few places in Taipei are of much appeal to me except the zoo which I used to frequent for its two attractions, namely, the teahouse commanding a pleasant distant view from the window over the surrounding farmlands with fresh green vegetation and meandering streams, and the two camels.

　　Some people like to amuse themselves by watching the playfulness of clever monkeys which, though slightly manlike, are after all simple-minded animals. That's why people cannot help feeling a sense of superiority and throwing them handfuls of peanuts. Some people enjoy seeing lions jumping through a fiery hoop, dogs doing easy sums, or tigers turning a somersault. But it was with a different state of mind for me to watch the camels playing a tragic role. They had few onlookers and were separated by a fir log across the entrance instead of a fence. Lying on the muddy ground, they resembled huge artichokes when looked at from afar. And it gave me quite a shock to take a closer look. Their hair was falling off in patches, faintly revealing blood-stains on the skin. They were gasping for breath, with mouth wide open, chin drooping and watery big eyes seemingly brimming with tears of longing for their beloved ones. They were so skinny that their ribs showed through distinctly, their necks thin and long, and their tails like a worn-out broom. Nothing remained of their humps but the dried up skin resting on their backs like a gunnysack. O how did they get into such a pitiful plight? O where was the majestic appearance of the "ships of the desert"?

　　That, however, is not what a camel looks like in my mind's eye. In my childhood, the jingling of big bronze camel bells in my home town would always send me rushing outdoors to see a caravan arriving with a load of coal. The camels, sometimes numbering about ten, would stand roped up in a line, one after another, by the road. At the loud call of the coal trader, whose face was smeared all over with coal dust, the camels would submissively kneel down, ready to be unloaded. Foaming at the mouth, they kept chewing the cud. Sometimes, close at their heels was a calf trying ever so hard to catch up at a quickened pace. These heavily-built, docile pack animals were just amazing and adorable.

　　Camels do not adapt to the climate of subtropical zones. Northern African countries are known for their brave military camel corps in the deserts, but the camels involved are one-humped dromedaries, not the two-humped Bactrian camels as we are familiar with. The two camels soon disappeared from the zoo, and the specimen room did not have room enough to exhibit them. So, from then on, I seldom visited the zoo. I understand "failed acclimatization" is a face-saving excuse commonly used in officialese to refer to someone's removal from a position. Now the dismal fadeaway of the two camels must be for some similar reasons. How could the two big animals born and brought up in the vast northern plains of China long survive confinement in a small place like the zoo? How could they endure the sweltering heat? Of course, consequently they pined away with weariness and spent their days moping around until they died. How sad they must have been over their thinning hair! Who is to blame for having mischievously brought them to Taipei to undergo untold sufferings? They certainly deserve our deep sympathies!

　　In fact, camels find it difficult to subsist not only in this hot region, but also in the northern plains of China. Nowadays, with the introduction of mechanized transportation, nobody will ever drive a drove of camels, all strung together, through the open street. Camels used to play a useful role as "ships of the desert", but now, I hear, they have been largely replaced by modern means of transport. As tame animals, they are unable to live all by themselves in a wild state. I wonder if they can still manage to live and breed once they cease to be at man's service. Sad to say, people all sneeringly call them one of the most stupid categories of animals because all they can do is submit and endure passively. They kneel down obediently to be loaded with heavy weights. They exist on low-grade diets, such as tape grass, thistles and thorns, which most mammals refuse to eat. They drink saltish filthy water. They trek for three days and nights without drinking any water, not because they have water stored in their stomachs, but because the fat inside their bodies produce water through oxidation. The hump is considered a delicacy. I have never eaten it, but, I think, it must taste no better than a bear's paw. While probably few people new bemoan the possible extinction of camels, Pekingese, which are good at playing up to man, have become a pet with all. O if only we could do something to prevent this useful animal from its silent withdrawal from the world stage!

骆驼梁实秋写的

读梁实秋《骆驼》有感(400字)

梁实秋-《骆驼》英译

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